Source-independent wave-equation based microseismic source location using traveltime inversion          下载免费PDF全文

Songqin Nong  Chao Huang  Liangguo Dong 《地震科学（英文版）》2018,31(2):100-109

A new source location method using wave-equation based traveltime inversion is proposed to locate microseismic events accurately. With a sourceindependent strategy, microseismic events can be located independently regardless of the accuracy of the source signature and the origin time. The traveltime-residuals-based misfit function has robust performance when the velocity model is inaccurate. The new Fréchet derivatives of the misfit function with respect to source location are derived directly based on the acoustic wave equation, accounting for the influence of geometrical perturbation and spatial velocity variation. Unlike the mostly used traveltime inversion methods, no traveltime picking or ray tracing is needed.Additionally, the improved scattering-integral method is applied to reduce the computational cost. Numerical tests show the validity of the proposed method.  相似文献   

GPS约束下陇西地区断裂带现今滑动速率的非连续接触模拟研究     

孟庆筱  景鹏旭  何申海  党学会 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(12):1227-1231

以中国地壳运动观测网络1999、2001、2004和2007年4期GPS观测数据为边界条件，使用非连续接触有限元技术构建陇西块体二维有限元模型，在摩擦系数不确定性分析基础上，计算区内主要断裂带滑动速率。结果表明，现今地壳形变运动状态下陇西块体的北东向运动在海原断裂附近受到鄂尔多斯块体、阿拉善块体阻碍，陇西块体周缘的海原断裂带、老虎山断裂、西秦岭北缘断裂呈现左旋走滑特征，滑动速率为3.5 mm/a、2.2 mm/a和1.9 mm/a，说明在青藏高原推挤作用下以上关键部位正在进行快速的构造应变积累。  相似文献   

Galileo广播星历评估及其对定位精度的影响     

韩德强  党亚民  庞辉  薛树强  杨强  张龙平 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(11):1165-1169

分析现阶段伽利略空间信号的精度，并评估伽利略广播星历及其对单点定位的影响。统计30 d健康卫星广播星历，结果表明，FOC和IOV两种类型的广播星历卫星轨道误差优于0.8 m，并且径向误差最小，法向误差次之，切向误差最大；伽利略卫星的钟差误差精度达到1.0 ns；从空间信号测距误差对伽利略卫星进行整体分析，广播星历精度优于1.0 m，FOC与IOV卫星精度相当；用广播星历进行事后单点定位的精度可以达到dm级。  相似文献   

Numerical assessment of tsunami attack on a rubble mound breakwater using OpenFOAM®     

《Applied Ocean Research》2018

A numerical assessment study of tsunami attack on the rubble mound breakwater of Haydarpasa Port, located at the southern entrance of the Istanbul Bosphorus Strait in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey, is carried out in this study using a Volume-Averaged Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes solver, IHFOAM, developed in OpenFOAM^® environment. The numerical model is calibrated with and validated against the data from solitary wave and tsunami overflow experiments representing tsunami attack. Furthermore, attack of a potential tsunami near Haydarpasa Port is simulated to investigate effects of a more realistic tsunami that cannot be generated in a wave flume with the present state of the art technology. Discussions on practical engineering applications of this type of numerical modeling studies are given focusing on pressure distributions around the crown-wall of the rubble mound breakwater, and the forces acting on the single stone located behind the crown-wall at the rear side of the breakwater. Numerical modeling of stability/failure mechanism of the overall cross-section is studied throughout the paper.The present study shows that hydrodynamics along the wave flume and over the breakwater can be simulated properly for both solitary wave and tsunami overflow experiments. Stability of the overall cross-section can only be simulated qualitatively for solitary wave cases; on the other hand, the effect of the time elapsed during tsunami overflow cannot be reflected in the simulations using the present numerical tool. However, the stability of the overall cross-section under tsunami overflow is assessed by evaluating forces acting on the rear side armor unit supporting the crown-wall of the rubble mound breakwater as a practical engineering application in the present paper. Furthermore, two non-dimensional parameters are derived to discuss the stability of this armor unit; and thus, the stability condition of the overall cross-section. Approximate threshold values for these non-dimensional parameters are presented comparing experimental and numerical results as a starting point for engineers in practice. Finally, investigations on the solitary wave and tsunami overflow experiments/simulations are extended to the potential tsunami simulation in the scope of both representation of a realistic tsunami in a wave flume and stability of the rubble mound breakwater.  相似文献   

Risk Analysis of Breakwater Caisson Under Wave Attack Using Load Surface Approximation     

Dong Hyawn KIM 《中国海洋工程》2014,(6):739-748

A new load surface based approach to the reliability analysis of caisson-type breakwater is proposed. Uncertainties of the horizontal and vertical wave loads acting on breakwater are considered by using the so-called load surfaces, which can be estimated as functions of wave height, water level, and so on. Then, the first-order reliability method（FORM） can be applied to determine the probability of failure under the wave action. In this way, the reliability analysis of breakwaters with uncertainties both in wave height and in water level is possible. Moreover, the uncertainty in wave breaking can be taken into account by considering a random variable for wave height ratio which relates the significant wave height to the maximum wave height. The proposed approach is applied numerically to the reliability analysis of caisson breakwater under wave attack that may undergo partial or full wave breaking.  相似文献   

大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井的垂直地震剖面测量   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴志强  祁江豪  张训华  郭兴伟  丘学林  张雪飞  谭云龙  黄聿晓  李文强  庞玉茂 《地球物理学报》2019,62(9):3492-3508

南黄海海相地层的地震波场特征和层位标定一直是困扰地震勘探的重要问题.为了近距离、高精度和高分辨率地观测井周围构造特征和岩石性质引起的波场变化，为地震资料的采集、处理与解释提供地震波衰减规律、速度与层位标定等信息，对大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井实施了近零偏移距垂直地震剖面（VSP）观测.针对海相地层顶部强反射界面地震波穿透难的问题，采用了大容量气枪震源并设计了气枪阵列组合方式，提高了激发地震波的能量，获得了强反射界面之下清晰的PP、PS下行波和上行波信号.采用了三分量偏振合成、组合滤波和波场分离等处理方法，对VSP观测数据进行处理，获得了海相三叠系—志留系的精细的纵波、横波速度结构和地层吸收因子等物性数据，建立了钻井地层、测井、VSP上行波和多道地震剖面对应关系，实现了不同尺度的地质和地球物理属性资料的有效衔接，标定了钻井地质剖面上各深度地质体的地震反射特性，厘定了过井地震剖面上反射同相轴的地质属性.此次观测取得的纵波、横波速度信息，成为建立南黄海海相地层速度模型主要的资料来源，也是地震资料的岩性反演处理不可缺少的信息.  相似文献   

基于GPU加速的Boussinesq类波浪传播变形数值模型     

孙家文  朱桐  房克照  刘忠波 《海洋工程》2020,38(2):111-119

Boussinesq波浪模型是一类相位解析模型,在时域内求解需要较高的空间和时间分辨率以保证计算精度。为提高计算效率,有必要针对该类模型开展并行算法的研究。与传统的中央处理器(CPU)相比,图形处理器(GPU)有大量的运算器,可显著提高计算效率。基于统一计算设备架构CUDA C语言和图形处理器,实现了Boussinesq模型的并行运算。将本模型的计算结果同CPU数值模拟结果和解析解相比较,发现得到的结果基本一致。同时也比较了CPU端与GPU端的计算效率,结果表明,GPU数值模型的计算效率有明显提升,并且伴随数值网格的增多,提升效果更为明显。  相似文献   

斜坡平台波浪破碎数值模拟     

王红川  刘华帅  杨氾 《海洋工程》2020,38(4):54-60

波浪在斜坡地形上破碎,破波后稳定波高多采用物理模型试验方法进行研究,利用近岸波浪传播变形的抛物型缓坡方程和波能流平衡方程,导出了适用于斜坡上波浪破碎的数值模拟方法。首先根据波能流平衡方程和缓坡方程基本型式分析波浪在破波带内的波能变化和衰减率,推导了波浪传播模型中波能衰减因子和破波能量流衰减因子之间的关系;其次,利用陡坡地形上的高阶抛物型缓坡方程建立了波浪传播和波浪破碎数学模型;最后,根据物理模型试验实测数据对数值模拟的效果进行验证。数值计算与试验资料比较表明,该模型可以较好地模拟斜坡地形的波浪传播波高变化。  相似文献   

柔性水囊潜堤消波特性的溃坝水槽试验研究     

陈本毅  赵西增  刘竹琴  周琪坤  卞婧 《海洋工程》2020,38(5):71-79

柔性水囊潜堤由橡胶制成，内部充水，具有结构简单、造价低廉等优点，能较好满足人工岛、跨海桥梁、海洋平台等基础设施建设工程对简单便携、拆装方便的临时防波堤的需求。为了探究柔性水囊潜堤的消波特性，在溃坝水槽内开展溃坝波与半圆柱形柔性水囊潜堤相互作用的试验研究，重点探究柔性水囊潜堤与溃坝波相互作用过程中水位变化特性，并与半圆柱刚性潜堤的性能进行比较；同时分析柔性水囊潜堤内部初始水压和浸没深度等参数对其消波性能的影响。结果表明：柔性水囊潜堤能够用作临时防波堤来衰减波浪；与半圆柱刚性潜堤相比，柔性水囊潜堤在降低溃坝波无量纲最大水位、提高消波性能方面更具优势；内部初始水压是影响柔性水囊潜堤消波性能的重要因素，适当降低内部初始水压，有利于增强柔性潜堤的变形程度，进而增加波能耗散，可获得更好的消波效果；而增加浸没深度即潜深，会使得柔性水囊潜堤对溃坝波的影响程度降低，消波效果减弱。  相似文献   

防浪建筑物影响下珊瑚礁海岸波浪传播变形试验     

贾美军  姚宇  陈松贵  郭辉群 《海洋工程》2020,38(6):53-59,123

通过测试一系列不规则波工况研究了防浪建筑物存在下珊瑚礁海岸附近短波、低频长波和增水的变化规律，并对比了防浪建筑物的不同位置情况。分析结果表明：波浪在沿礁传播过程中，短波波高沿礁坪持续衰减，低频长波波高沿礁坪逐渐增大，波浪增水则沿礁坪基本保持不变；海岸附近短波随着防浪建筑物与礁缘距离的变大而减小，低频长波则在防浪建筑物处于礁坪后部时达到最大，防浪建筑物位置的变化对于礁坪波浪增水的影响可以忽略。通过理论分析证明了珊瑚礁地形上低频长波是由于群波破碎造成的破碎点移动而产生的；当特定波况作用于特定位置的防浪建筑物时，低频长波在礁坪上会发生一阶共振效应导致其能量在海岸附近达到最大值。  相似文献